v (1)大聲說，喊(speak in a loud voice to attract sb's attention;shout;cry)[I，I+prep(to)(for)，I+adv(out)，T+n，T+n+adv(out)]：I～ed and～ed but no one came.我喊呀，喊呀，但沒有人來。hear sb～ing 聽見某人在喊;～(out)(to people)(for help)(向人們)大聲呼喊(救命);～out in pain痛得直叫;～the number叫號(hào)(碼);“Be careful!”he～ed. “小心!”他喊道?！?out) the children's names 大聲點(diǎn)孩子們的名字;～sb over here把某人叫過來;～the roll點(diǎn)名;～(sb)names罵人;〖同〗 cry，shout;〖反〗whisper，murmur;
?(2)鳴，叫((of a bird or an animal) make the usual cry)[I，I+prep(to)，T+n]：The birds are calling (each other).鳥兒在(互相)鳴叫。
?(3)叫，呼(召)喚((try to) cause to come (to a specified place) by shout，telephone，letter，etc;summon)[T+n，T+n+adv，T+n+prep，D+n+n，D+n+prep(for)]：～a doctor/an ambulance/a dog/the police/the fire brigade請(qǐng)大夫/叫救護(hù)車/喚狗/叫警察/叫消防隊(duì);～the children in/the doctor away/a boy over/an ambassador back叫孩子們進(jìn)來/叫走大夫/叫男孩過來/召大使回國(guó);～the leaders to a meeting/the congress into session/a candidate for an interview/the family to dinner 召集領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者開會(huì)/召集國(guó)會(huì)開會(huì)/叫報(bào)考者面試/叫家人吃飯;～sb a taxi/a taxi for sb 給某人叫輛出租車;The drums are～ing me. 鼓聲在召喚著我。The sea is～ing me. 大海在呼喚我。
?(4)召開，宣布(cause sth to take place;announce)[T+n]：～a meeting/a conference/the committee/Parliament召集會(huì)議/召集會(huì)議/召開委員會(huì)會(huì)議/召集議會(huì)開會(huì);～an election/a strike宣布進(jìn)行選舉/宣布罷工;〖同〗proclaim，declare，announce;〖反〗cancel;
?(5)叫醒(wake(sb))[T+n]：Call me at/before seven，please.請(qǐng)7點(diǎn)/7點(diǎn)以前叫醒我。
?(6)打電話(telephone or radio to (sb/sth))[I，T+n]：～(sb) again later回頭再(給某人)打電話;～sb long distance/sb from London給某人掛長(zhǎng)途電話/從倫敦給某人打電話;～London/sb's office/sb，but can't get through給倫敦/某人辦公室/某人打電話，但打不通;～sb back 給某人回電話;〖同〗telephone，phone;
?(7)短暫拜訪(make a brief visit to sb)[I，I+adv(in/round)，I+prep(on/at)，I+prep(for)，I+adv(in/round)+prep(on/at)，I+prep(on/at)(for)]：The milkmen～s once a day.送奶員一天來一次。Please～on Sunday/again.請(qǐng)周日來/再來?！?in/round)to see sb/to take sb to the theatre/to pick up the order登門去看望某人/去帶某人看戲/去取訂貨單;The train/ship～s at Liverpool.火車/船中途在利物浦停?！玣or sb at ten 10點(diǎn)去叫某人(一起走);～(in/round) on Jack/at Jack's (house)拜訪杰克/杰克的家;～at the supermarket/at the bank去超級(jí)市場(chǎng)/銀行;～at a shop for some eggs去商店買雞蛋;〖同〗drop in，visit;
?(8)稱，叫，取(名)(give a name to)[C+n+n]：～the baby Catherine把嬰兒叫做凱瑟琳;～Patricia Pat把帕特里夏叫做帕特;～a book The Golden Flower給書取名為《金色的花朵》;What's your cat/this flower～ed? 你的貓/這花叫什么?～sb by his first name直呼其名;～Bill for short簡(jiǎn)稱某人為比爾;I'm～ed Sandy by my friends.朋友們叫我桑迪。Don't be formal; just～me Joe.不要拘禮節(jié)，就叫我喬吧!Call me what you like.隨便稱呼我吧!〖同〗name，title，term;
?(9)說……是……(describe(sb/sth)as being)[C+n+adj，C+n+n，C+n+adv]：～sb fat把某人叫作胖子;～black white把黑的說成是白的;～sb a liar/an ass說某人是說謊者/傻瓜;～the ball out/in 說那球出界/在界內(nèi);〖同〗describe;
?(10)認(rèn)為……是……(consider(sb/sth)to be;regard as)[C+n+adj，C+n+n]：～that dishonest/businesslike認(rèn)為那是不誠實(shí)的/有條不紊; ～sb's behaviour mean/selfish/abominable 認(rèn)為某人的行為是卑鄙/自私/可惡的;a home one could～his own一處可稱之為自己家的地方;～sb one's friend/a writer把某人稱作朋友/作家;～Russian a hard language/the play a masterpiece認(rèn)為俄語是一門難學(xué)的語言/那劇本是杰作;～that cheating/a mistake/a shame認(rèn)為那是欺騙/一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤/可恥的;You owe me ￡5.04 — let's～it ￡5.你欠我五英鎊四便士——就算是五英鎊吧?！纪絚onsider，regard;
?(11)叫牌;以……為王牌 ((in card games) bid;declare (a trump suit，etc))[I，T+n]：Has he～ed yet? 他叫牌了嗎? It's your turn to～，partner.伙計(jì)，該你叫牌了。What did you～? 你們以什么為王牌?I～ed hearts.我叫的紅桃。
?call for (v prep) 1)要求(vt)：～for the waiter/the bill/the Minister's resignation/the severest punishment of the murderer召喚侍者/要賬單/要求部長(zhǎng)辭職/要求嚴(yán)懲兇手;2)需要(vt)：(situation)～for prompt action(局勢(shì))需要(采取)迅速行動(dòng);(task)～for courage(任務(wù))需要勇氣;(negotiation)～for tact(談判)需要技巧;(work)～for patience (工作)需要耐心;
?call forth (v adv)引起;喚起(vt)：(proposal)～forth hostile criticism(建議)引起敵意的批評(píng);(speech)～forth an angry response(講話)引起憤怒的反響;(task)～forth all his energies(任務(wù))喚起他全部的精力;(trouble)～forth a person's best qualities(困難)激發(fā)出一個(gè)人最優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì);
?call in (v adv) 1)邀請(qǐng)(vt)：～in a doctor/a lawyer/one's friends/the police請(qǐng)來醫(yī)生/律師/朋友/警察; 2)收回(vt)：(government)～in silver dollars(政府)收回銀元;(makers)～in cars with serious faults(制造廠商)召回有嚴(yán)重故障的車子;(library)～in overdue books(圖書館)收回過期的圖書;(army)～in unwanted ammunition(軍隊(duì))收回多余的軍火;
?call off (v adv)取消(vt)：～off a match/an appointment/a dance/a meeting/a strike/an attack/a journey/a picnic/one's engagement取消比賽/約會(huì)/舞會(huì)/會(huì)議/罷工/進(jìn)攻/旅行/野餐/婚約;
?call on/upon (v prep) 1)訪問，拜訪(vt)：I hope to～on you at your office at 2 o'clock.我希望兩點(diǎn)到你辦公室拜訪你。2)號(hào)召，呼吁，請(qǐng)求(vt)：～the people to work hard/the rebels to surrender/the friends to help/the Chairman to address the meeting號(hào)召人們努力工作/呼吁叛軍投降/請(qǐng)求朋友幫助/請(qǐng)主席在會(huì)上發(fā)言;
?call up (v adv) 1)召集，動(dòng)員(參軍)(vt)：In most countries men are～ed up at the age of eighteen.大多數(shù)國(guó)家征集18歲的男性入伍。2)打電話(vt & vi)：～up a person/the office 給某人/辦公室打電話;He～ed up this morning.他今天早晨打過電話。3)使人想起(vt)：(picture)～up many happy memories of one's childhood/a trip/the old times(照片)喚起許多對(duì)童年/旅行/往事的幸?；貞?～up scenes of one's childhood使想起童年時(shí)的情景;
?call a halt (to sth) 停止：～a halt to the manufacture of nuclear weapons/to a meeting 停止生產(chǎn)核武器/開會(huì);
?call sth in(to) question 懷疑……：～in(to)question sb's honesty/the truth of sth 懷疑某人的誠實(shí)/……的真實(shí)性;
?call sb to account 要求做出解釋：～sb to account over some missing cash/for failing to meet the deadline要求某人解釋某筆不知去向的現(xiàn)金/沒有按期完成的原因;
?→′caller n 訪問者;打電話者;′calling-card n 名片;′call-up n(美)征兵通知;
?n (1)叫(喊)聲(shout;cry)[C]：hear a～for help聽見呼救聲;come /go at sb's～聽到某人叫喊而來/去;〖同〗cry，shout;〖反〗whisper，murmur;
?(2)動(dòng)物的叫聲(cry of an animal or bird)[C]：hear the～of a bird/ a dog in the distance聽見遠(yuǎn)處的鳥/狗叫聲;imitate the～s of birds模仿鳥叫;
?(3)呼(召)喚(order，signal or invitation to come，meet or do sth;summon)[C][N(to)， N+to-inf]：wait for a～to the palace等待召見進(jìn)宮;The doctor received /had a～to visit a patient有人請(qǐng)醫(yī)生出診。This is the last～for the 5：20 express train to London.這是5點(diǎn)20分開往倫敦的快車的最后一次上車通知廣播。respond to the～for liberty/equality響應(yīng)自由/平等的召喚;answer the～of one's country/one's duty/the wild響應(yīng)國(guó)家的召喚/征兵號(hào)召/大自然的召喚;feel the～of the sea/the wild感到大海/曠野的呼喚;feel the～of the priesthood/to become a priest感到圣職/當(dāng)神父的召喚;
?(4)(一次)電話(act of calling on the telephone)[C](=phone call)：give sb/make/receive/have/return/take/wait for a～給某人打/打/接到/收到/回/接/等電話;There is a～for you from Leads. 有里茲給你打來的電話。keep one's～s brief and to the point 打電話要簡(jiǎn)明扼要;〖同〗phone，call;
?(5)短暫拜訪(short visit (to sb's house)，esp one for an official or business reason)[C]：pay (make) a～on sb/to sb's home拜訪某人/到某人家拜訪;return sb's～回訪某人;The doctor makes house～s/received a～.這大夫登門送診/接待了一名病人。The milkman makes his～at my house once a day. 送奶員每天給我家送一次奶?！纪絭isit;
?(6)必(需)要(need or reason for sth)[U][N(for)](尤在否定句、疑問句中)：have no～for more money/to do that/to say such things不需要更多的錢/那樣做/說那樣的話;There isn't much～for such things/for shepherds nowadays/for you to worry.這種事情沒有多大必要/當(dāng)今不大需要牧羊人/你沒有什么必要擔(dān)憂。There's no～for that remark/such rudeness.不要那樣議論/如此無理?！纪絥eed，reason;
?(7)要求(request or demand for sth)[C][N(for)]：(president) make a～for national unity(總統(tǒng))要求舉國(guó)一致;There were～s for the minister's resignation.紛紛要求部長(zhǎng)辭職。
?(8)需求(demand on sth/sb)[C][N(on)]：He had many～s on his time.他有許多事需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間去做。Many～s are made on his time.許多事情需他花時(shí)間去做。(automobile industry) have first～on steel production(汽車工業(yè))首先需要發(fā)展鋼的生產(chǎn);
?(9)叫牌((in card games)what a player says he/she is going to do)[C]：It's your～now.該你叫牌了。
?【辨異】1)call on 與 call in on，drop in on 和 visit 都可表示“拜訪”。call on指因公干而拜訪，如：call on sb to assess a tax(拜訪某人以評(píng)定稅額);call in on是順路作短時(shí)間拜訪，如：Let's call in on Tom on the way to Mike's.(咱們?nèi)溈思业穆飞享槺憧纯礈钒伞?drop in on(AmE中說visit with)指偶爾拜訪朋友或親戚，如：Let's drop in on Nick when we're in London.(我們?cè)趥惗貢r(shí)去看看尼克吧。)visit為常用語，與go to see一樣，指到家或工作處拜訪。2)call 與 summon 都可表示“召喚”(某人到某處)。call 為常用語，如：call a doctor(叫大夫);summon指通過一定的禮儀或使用權(quán)威召喚某人到某處，如：summon a witness(傳喚證人)。