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n (1) 閂，橫木(棍) (narrow solid piece of wood or metal across a door， gate or window to keep it firmly closed) [C]：There's a strong～on the door. 門(mén)上有結(jié)實(shí)的門(mén)閂。fit～s to a window 在窗戶(hù)上裝閂;〖同〗pole，rod，stick，rail;

(2) 障礙(物) (sth that hinders or stops progress; barrier) [C，常 sing]：a～across the doorway 擋住門(mén)道的障礙物;a～to progress 進(jìn)步的障礙;Near-sightedness/Poor health is a～to becoming a pilot. 近視/身體不好是成為飛行員的障礙。Poverty/Race is a～to success in life.貧窮/種族是生活中獲得成功的障礙?！纪絙arrier，obstacle，block;〖反〗aid，help，advantage;

(3) 灘，沙洲 (bank or ridge of sand or stones under the water at the mouth of a river or the entrance to a bay) [C]：The ship stuck fast/ran aground on the～. 那船死死陷進(jìn)了沙洲/在沙洲上擱淺了。〖同〗sandbar;

(4) 條狀物 (rod of solid material) [C]：a～of soap/chocolate/gold/iron 一塊肥皂/一塊巧克力/一根金條/一根鐵條;a gold/metal～金/金屬條;the～s of the cells 牢房的鐵窗欄桿;～magnet磁鐵條;～chart 條形統(tǒng)計(jì)表;～code (商品上的)條形碼;〖同〗block;

(5) (色、光等等)帶，束(narrow strip (of sth， eg colour， light， etc)) [C]：～s of sunlight 太陽(yáng)光束;a～of red 一抹紅;The blue material had～s of red running through it. 藍(lán)料子上有貫通的紅條條。〖同〗beam，band，stripe，strip，ribbon;

(6)(音樂(lè))小節(jié)線(xiàn);小節(jié)(vertical line dividing printed or written music into groups of equal value in time or one of these groups and the notes in it) [C]：The song is 24～s long. 這首歌共24小節(jié)。hum/sing the first (opening)～s of a tune 哼/唱一調(diào)子的開(kāi)頭幾節(jié);The new musical idea begins at the 30th～.樂(lè)曲的新思想從第30小節(jié)開(kāi)始。

(7) (法庭中的)圍欄 (rails in a law court separating the judge， prisoner， lawyers， etc from the spectators) [C， 常sing]：the prisoner at the～受審人;be tried at the～公開(kāi)受審判;be judged at the～of public opinion受到輿論的審判;

(8) 律師(職業(yè));法律界(人員)((all those who belong to) the profession of barrister (BrE) or the legal profession (AmE))[C， Gp， the～]：be called/admitted to the～被接納為律師;train for the～訓(xùn)練從事律師職業(yè);The B～is a highly respected profession.律師是很受人尊敬的職業(yè)。

(9) 酒吧;吧臺(tái) (public house; counter across which drinks， esp alcoholic ones， are served) [C]：have a drink in the～在酒吧間喝點(diǎn)酒;meet sb in a～在一酒吧與某人見(jiàn)面;drink at a～在酒吧喝酒;serve behind the～在吧臺(tái)后照料顧客;sit on a stool by the～坐在吧臺(tái)邊的高凳上; Your whisky is on the～.你的威士忌放在吧臺(tái)上。a public/saloon～普通/酒店吧臺(tái);

(10)柜臺(tái)，售貨臺(tái);服務(wù)臺(tái) (counter where articles of a particular kind are sold or certain services are offered) [C]：a coffee/wine/milk/sandwich～咖啡/酒/牛奶/三明治臺(tái);a snack～快餐店;a hat/heel～賣(mài)帽子/修鞋后跟的柜臺(tái);a shoe～修鞋的柜臺(tái);

→′barman (BrE)， ′bartender (AmE) n 酒吧男招待;′barmaid n 酒吧女招待;

vt (1) 閂上 (close or fasten a door， gate etc with one or more bars) [T+n]：～a door/a window 閂上門(mén)/窗;slam and～the gate砰地關(guān)上大門(mén)并上閂;～red windows 上了閂的窗戶(hù);〖同〗bolt， fasten;〖反〗open;

(2) 把……關(guān)在里面或外面 (keep in or out by fastening the door， gate， windows， etc) [T+n+prep (in/out of)， T+n+adv(in)]：～sb/oneself out of the room/in (the house)/from the courtroom把某人/自己關(guān)在房間外/(房子)里面/審判室之外;the～red owl 被關(guān)起來(lái)的貓頭鷹;

(3) 擋住，防礙 (block sth so as to prevent movement or progress) [T+n]：～the road擋住道路;～the way (to progress/success/the city)擋住(通往進(jìn)步/成功/城市的)路;Fallen branches～red the way. 掉下的樹(shù)枝把路堵住了。

(4) 禁止，不許 (not to allow; prevent sb from using sth or doing sth) [T+n， T+-ing， T+n+prep (from)]：～guns in a restaurant 禁止槍械進(jìn)飯店;restrictions～ring the use of weapons 禁止使用武器;～playing cards for money/smoking at the dinner-table 禁止玩牌賭錢(qián)/在餐桌上吸煙;～sb from (enter-ing) the competition/practising medicine 禁止某人(參加)比賽/行醫(yī);Hunters are～red from wildlife sanctuaries.獵人禁止進(jìn)入野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。My lack of money～s me from going on holiday. 缺少錢(qián)使我不能去度假?！纪絧rohibit，prevent，stop，forbid，disallow;〖反〗allow，permit;

(5) 飾以條紋 (mark with narrow bands or stripes) [通常pass：T+n， T+n+prep (with)]：a flag～red in red and white 有紅白條紋的旗子;a sky～red with clouds 布有條狀云的天空;

【辨異】bar與barrier都可表示具體“障礙物”或抽象意義上的“障礙”。表示具體的“障礙物”時(shí)，bar指一般的“障礙物”，而 barrier則指防御性障礙物，如：a river barrier (護(hù)……的河)。還有barricade(路障，街壘)，指巷戰(zhàn)時(shí)匆忙堆成的障礙物或挖成的工事，如：a barricade of wooden boxes(木箱壘成的路障)。