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v (1) 1)受傷，傷害((cause sb，a part of the body)to feel pain，suffer an injury)[T+n]：～one's knee/one's eyes/oneself傷了膝蓋/眼睛/自己;Is she badly～?她傷得歷害嗎?〖同〗injure，harm;〖反〗heal，cure; 2)覺得疼痛((cause to) feel pain)[I，T+n]： The wound～s. 傷口疼。His head/tooth～s.他頭/牙疼。The tight shoes～him/his feet. 這雙鞋擠得他的腳疼。

(2)使傷心(傷感，苦惱)(cause a person to suffer pain of mind，esp by unkindness;upset)[T+n]：(criticism/insult)～sb/sb's pride/sb's feelings(批評/侮辱)刺傷了某人/某人的自尊心/某人的感情;be～by sb's criticisms/sb's rude remarks/what sb said對某人的批評/粗魯?shù)恼Z言/說的話感到傷心;It～me when you talk that way. 你那樣講話使我感到傷心?！玜t not being invited/sb's not going down to one's tea-party因沒受到邀請/某人沒來參加茶會而感到傷心;be～not to have been invited/to find that no one admired one's performance/to think of sb's being left alone因沒被邀請/發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有人欣賞自己的節(jié)目/想到孤單單的處境而傷心;be～that one has not gone to the place因沒去那個(gè)地方而傷心;He sounded rather～on the phone.他在電話里的聲音聽起來很傷心。

(3)傷害，對……有不良影響(do harm (to) or have a bad effect(on))[T+n]：The bad weather will～the crops.壞天氣會影響莊稼收成。The bad scandal will～his reputation. 這樁丑聞會有損于他的名譽(yù)。Sales of the product/A lot of companies are～by the adverse publicity (new tax laws). 產(chǎn)品的銷售/許多公司受到不利的廣告宣傳(新稅法)的不良影響;

it，etc won't/wouldn't hurt (sb/sth)(to do sth)不會造成傷害(引起不便)，沒有妨礙：It won't/wouldn't～(you) to postpone the meeting for a few days/work late just once. 會議推遲幾天/就加一次班沒有關(guān)系。A bit of weeding wouldn't～(this garden). 除掉一點(diǎn)草不會(對花園)有什么損害。

n (1)(精神，感情上的)創(chuàng)傷，痛苦(harm，damage，esp to feelings;mental pain)[U，a～][N(to)]：It does him no～to talk the matter over/get the house painted. 談一談這件事/把這所房子油漆一遍對他沒壞處。intend no～to sb's feelings/pride沒打算傷害某人的感情/自尊心，leave sb with a feeling of deep～給某人留下深深的精神創(chuàng)傷;get over one's～at being rejected擺脫因被拒絕而產(chǎn)生的苦惱;

(2)肉體上的傷害(injury to the body)[C]：suffer some/a little～in the accident在事故中受了些/一點(diǎn)傷;(lotion/salve)make the～go away(洗液/止痛藥)使疼痛消失;

→′hurtful adj造成痛苦的，刻苦的;′hurtfully adv刻苦地;′hurtfulness n刻薄;

【用法】hurt可指身體上的傷害，傷害的程度可能是slightly(輕微)，badly(頗重)或seriously(十分嚴(yán)重);如果是由于別人的行為造成心理上不快樂的，不可用上述幾個(gè)詞來形容。試比較：She was badly/slightly hurt when she fell off the ladder.(她從梯子上摔下來傷得很重/受了輕傷。) She was very/rather/deeply hurt by his unkind words. (他的刻薄話很是/非常/深深地刺傷了她的心。)

【辨異】1)hurt與injure和wound均可用來指對身體進(jìn)行傷害，如：You can be wounded. (你受了傷)，或由于槍，或像劍和刀子這樣的銳器的襲擊而受傷。可以說：You can be injured (receive) an injury. (你受了傷)。a)當(dāng)使用其他武器，如很粗的棍子或炸彈; b)在事故中，如：He was seriously injured in a car crash.(在一次撞車事故中，他受了重傷。) wound和injure表示的程度都比hurt要重，如：She slipped and hurt her knee.(她滑倒了，傷了膝蓋。) 2)hurt與injury和wound均可指身體上的或道德方面的損害或侵害。injury最初指所作的侵害或所遭受的侵害，現(xiàn)在用來指任何引起的或蒙受的邪惡、傷害或損失，如：physical injury(身體傷害);injury to one's reputation(名譽(yù)上的損害);hurt表示身體上的傷害，常指伴有疼痛的身體損傷，如：a bad hurt from a fall(摔倒了，傷得很重);wound通常指因砍、槍擊等引起的肉體傷害，如：a serious wound in the shoulder(肩膀受了重傷);也可指精神上的傷害，如：to inflict a wound by betraying someone's trust(辜負(fù)某人的信任引起對某人的傷害)。