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(1) 使膨脹，使伸展，擴(kuò)充(展，大，張) ((cause sth to) become bigger，larger or greater in size，number or importance) [I，I+prep (into)，T+n，T+n+prep (into)]：～one's knowledge/one's chest/one's influence and prestige 擴(kuò)大知識面/肺活量/影響和威望;～one's business into new areas (a supermarket empire)/some good ideas into a novel 將某人的生意擴(kuò)展到新的領(lǐng)域(超市帝國)/將某些好的點子擴(kuò)寫成一部小說;Heat～s metals. 高溫會使金屬膨脹。Gases(Rocks)～when(they are)heated/in the hot sun/with the sun. 氣體(巖石)受熱時/在炙熱的陽光下/在太陽下會膨脹。Our spare time activities have～ed to include bridge and fishing. 我們的業(yè)余活動已擴(kuò)大到橋牌和垂釣。His business～ed greatly in recent years/rapidly/many times/by fifty per cent. 他的生意近年來增長非常迅速/增長很快/增長了好幾倍/增長了50%。The baseball league～ed by adding four teams. 棒球聯(lián)合會又增加了四支球隊?！纪?grow，increase，enlarge，multiple，develop，heighten，widen;〖反〗decrease，shrink，contract，condense;

(2) 張(展)開; (花等)開放 (spread out wider; open out; unfold) [I，I+prep]：a face that～s in a bright smile 綻開的笑臉;As the plant grew， its leaves and flowers gradually～ed. 植物在生長過程中，逐漸伸展枝葉，綻放花朵?！纪?stretch，spread，extend，open，unfold; 〖反〗 close，fold;

(3) 變得和藹可親， 變得親切起來 (become more good-humored，friendly or talkative) [I]： He began to～a little after he had had a glass of wine. 他喝下了一杯酒之后變得稍微活潑了一點。

(4) 闡述，細(xì)說，完全寫出 (speak and write fully and in detail) [I+prep (on)]：～on a problem/on what sb says 闡述某個問題/完全寫出某個人所說的話;

→ex′pandable adj 可擴(kuò)大的;ex′pander n 擴(kuò)大器;ex′panded adj 膨脹的;ex′panding adj 擴(kuò)張中的;ex′pansion n 擴(kuò)大(充);

【辨異】expand及swell都表示 “擴(kuò)充” 或“擴(kuò)大”。expand 指朝各個方向擴(kuò)展以占據(jù)更多的空間或增加容量，如：expand one's business/one's interest (擴(kuò)大生意/興趣);swell 強(qiáng)調(diào)由于內(nèi)部的壓力或被加入的東西而使某物變大，如：A tire swells as it is filled with air. (輪胎被充氣后便會膨脹起來。)