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(1)公(市)民的，國民的(of or relating to all the citizens of a country)[無comp]：～rights/duties/liberty公民權(quán)利/義務(wù)/自由;

(2)國內(nèi)的(within a country or community)[無comp]：～disorder/strife/war/affairs 內(nèi)亂/內(nèi)亂/內(nèi)戰(zhàn)/國內(nèi)事務(wù);

(3)平民的，民政的(of or relating to ordinary citizens as distinguished from military or religious affairs)[無comp]：～government/servants/administration/defence/authorities/life/engineering 文人政府/公務(wù)人員/民政/民防/民政當(dāng)局/平民生活/土木工程;the C～Service 政府的文職機(jī)關(guān);(全體)公務(wù)人員;a～marriage 非宗教婚姻;a～airliner 民航班機(jī);〖同〗public;〖反〗military，religious;

(4)民事的(concerned with cases which are not criminal)[無comp]：a～case/court/lawsuit民事案件/法庭/訴訟;bring a～action against sb for sth因某事向某人提出民事訴訟;Divorce cases are covered by～law.離婚案件屬民法范圍。

(5)斯文的，文明的，有禮貌的(polite enough to be acceptable，esp if not friendly)：Keep a～tongue in your head!講話要文明(不要粗魯)!be～to sb 對某人彬彬有禮;in a～way 文明地;a very～reply/person 很有禮貌的回答/人;〖同〗polite;〖反〗uncivil，impolite，rude;

→un′civil adj 粗野的;′civilly adv 有禮貌地;ci′vilian adj 平民的，文職的;n 平民，文官;ci′vility n 禮貌，謙恭;′civilize， -ise v 使開化，教化;

【辨異】civil與polite都表示“有禮貌的”。civil要求的程度較低，指最起碼的客氣;polite則指素有的禮貌習(xí)慣，并且出自自覺禮貌意識(shí);還有courteous(彬彬有禮的)指待人殷勤、謙恭、真誠、體貼。