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v (1) 建，筑，造，蓋(make or construct from parts)[T+n， T+n+prep (of/out of/from)， D+n+n， D+n+prep(for)， I]：～a house/a gym蓋房子/體育館;～a dam/a canal/a road/a railway/a bridge修水壩/運(yùn)河/公路/鐵路/橋;～a car/a cargo vessel/a plane制造汽車/貨船/飛機(jī);～a villa out of stone/wood/bricks用石頭/木頭/磚建造別墅;～a nest out of twigs用樹(shù)枝筑窩;～a ship out of wood 用木材造船;～sb a house/a house for sb為某人蓋一座房子; They're～ing in our block now.他們現(xiàn)在在我們街區(qū)蓋房子。The architects all built in a different style.這些建筑師每人的建筑風(fēng)格各異。Rows upon rows of houses were～ing.一排排的房子正在拔地而起?！纪?construct，set up，make，produce，manufacture;〖反〗destroy;

(2) 建(創(chuàng)，樹(shù))立，發(fā)展(bring into being; establish; develop)[T+n， T+n+adv(up)]：～a business/the mind/a better future/a new career建立一個(gè)企業(yè)/增進(jìn)心智/創(chuàng)造更美好的未來(lái)/創(chuàng)立新的事業(yè);～good relations/a democratic society建立良好的關(guān)系/民主社會(huì);～up a business/fine reputation建立起一個(gè)企業(yè)/很好的名聲;～up strong muscles/oneself/one's character/one's strength鍛煉肌肉/增進(jìn)自己的體魄/磨練性格/增強(qiáng)體質(zhì); Reading helps you～a richer vocabulary.閱讀有助于擴(kuò)大詞匯量?！纪絠ncrease，enlarge，develop，establish;〖反〗decrease，reduce，weaken，injure;

build in/into (v adv/prep) 1)嵌(砌，裝)入(vt，尤pass)：have a cupboard/a bookcase built into a bedroom在臥室里嵌入一個(gè)壁櫥/書(shū)柜;have some bricks built into a castle 在城堡上砌入一些磚;have a cupboard/a wardrobe built in在里面加修一個(gè)壁櫥/衣櫥; 2) 使……成為……的必要部分(vt，尤pass)：～the rate of pay/an extra into a contract把報(bào)酬比例/一補(bǔ)充條款寫(xiě)入一合同;the inequalities built into the system of financing經(jīng)費(fèi)提供制度中固有的不平均; 3) 用……建成 (vt)：～loose stones into a strong wall用一塊塊石頭砌成堅(jiān)固的墻;

build on (v adv/prep) 1) 在原建筑上增建(vt，常pass)：The school is bigger now — they built a new wing on(or onto it)a year ago.這所學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在大一些了——一年前加蓋了一座側(cè)樓。2) 以……為基礎(chǔ) (vt)：We must try to～on earlier achievements/earlier results/the success of these growth industries.我們應(yīng)該盡力以先前的成績(jī)/先前的結(jié)果/這些快速發(fā)展的工業(yè)為基礎(chǔ)。The insurance business is built on trust.保險(xiǎn)業(yè)建立在信任的基礎(chǔ)上。The argument is built on facts.論證建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上。The economy is built on industry.經(jīng)濟(jì)建立在工業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)上。3) 依靠(賴)，指靠 (vt)：Don't～too much on his promise/too many hopes on her help.不要過(guò)分相信他的保證/對(duì)她的幫助不要寄予過(guò)多的希望。

build up (v adv) 1) (使)逐步增加(強(qiáng))(vt & vi)：～up a country/a firm使國(guó)家/公司逐步強(qiáng)大;～up a big library/a thriving business/a healthy culture/a good reputation逐步擴(kuò)大圖書(shū)館的藏書(shū)/建設(shè)繁榮的商店/發(fā)展健康的文化/建立好的名聲; The traffic/tension/noise/mud is～ing up.來(lái)往車輛在增多/緊張局勢(shì)在加劇/噪音在增大/淤泥在增多。The clouds are～ing up.云團(tuán)在聚集。2) 增進(jìn)體質(zhì) (vt)：You need more exercises/good food/fresh air to～you up.你需要更多的鍛煉/好的食物/新鮮空氣來(lái)增進(jìn)體質(zhì)。You need more exercises to～up your body/your muscles/your strength/your health.你需要更多的鍛煉來(lái)增進(jìn)體質(zhì)/肌肉/體力/健康。3) 過(guò)分吹捧 (vt，尤pass)：The actor has been built up into a great success.那演員被吹捧成獲得巨大成功的人物。The film has been built up into a masterpiece.那電影被吹捧成杰作。4) 蓋滿房屋 (vt，尤pass)：The area/village has been built up since I lived here.自從我住到這兒以來(lái)，這地區(qū)/村子已蓋滿了房子。

→′builder n 建設(shè)者;建筑工人;′building n 建筑物，大樓; 建筑業(yè);′build-up n 增進(jìn)(強(qiáng)); 吹捧;?built-′in， ?in-′built adj 裝(嵌)入的;?built-′up adj 建筑物所覆蓋的;

n體格(形) (shape， structure and size， esp of the human body) [U，C]：have a solid/heavy/powerful/strong～體格結(jié)實(shí)/笨拙/強(qiáng)壯/強(qiáng)壯;have a slender/the same/some～體形苗條/相似/頗佳; be short/slight in～體態(tài)矮小/瘦弱; be (of) the same～體形相似;Their～(s) is (are) similar.他們的體形相似。a man of athletic/powerful/slender/average～一個(gè)體態(tài)如運(yùn)動(dòng)員/身體強(qiáng)壯/體形苗條/中等個(gè)頭的人; He is in his twenties， with a lean， athletic～. 他20多歲，身體修長(zhǎng)健美?！纪絪hape，form，figure，body