| 釋義 |
“兵未動(dòng),子胥存,雖堪伐、尚畏忠義。”詩(shī)句出處:《薄媚》;是宋朝詩(shī)人董穎的作品。 耳盈絲竹,眼搖珠翠。迷樂(lè)事。宮闈門(mén)。爭(zhēng)知。漸國(guó)勢(shì)凌夷。奸臣獻(xiàn)佞,轉(zhuǎn)恣奢淫,天譴歲屢饑。從此萬(wàn)姓離心解體。越遣使。陰窺虛實(shí),蚤夜?fàn)I邊備。兵未動(dòng),子胥存,雖堪伐、尚畏忠義。斯人既戮,又且嚴(yán)兵卷土,赴黃池觀釁,種蠡方雲(yún)可矣。
| 【註釋】: 兵:①兵器;武器。賈誼《過(guò)秦論》:“斬木為兵,揭竿為旗?!?揭:舉。)②士卒;軍隊(duì)?!妒酚洝っ商窳袀鳌?“今臣將兵三十餘萬(wàn)。”③用兵器殺(人)?!妒酚洝げ牧袀鳌?“左右欲兵之?!雹軕?zhàn)爭(zhēng);軍事。《孫子兵法·計(jì)篇》:“兵者,國(guó)之大事?!?/div> 未:①十二地支之一。《春秋·莊公二十四年》:“六月辛未,朔,日有食之?!雹谑r(shí)辰之一,即午後一時(shí)至三時(shí)。③十二生肖屬羊。④副詞。1.表示否定。a.相當(dāng)於“不”。《詩(shī)經(jīng)·周頌·小毖》:“未堪傢多難?!眀.相當(dāng)於“沒(méi)有”、“不曾”。《詩(shī)經(jīng) · 召南·草蟲(chóng)》:“未見(jiàn)君子,我心傷悲。”2. 用在句尾,表示疑問(wèn)。相當(dāng)於“否”?!夺釢h書(shū)·劉表傳》:“言出子口而入吾耳,可以言未?”動(dòng):①行動(dòng); 活動(dòng)?!吨芤住は缔o下》:“變動(dòng)以利言,吉兇以情遷。”(利:利益。遷:變易。)《孫臏兵法·見(jiàn)威王》:“事備而後動(dòng)?!雹趧谧?;勞動(dòng)?!睹献印?滕文公上》:“為民父母,使民盻盻(xì)然,將終歲勤動(dòng),不得以養(yǎng)其父母?!?盻盻:恨視。)③震動(dòng);移動(dòng)?!秾O子兵法· 軍爭(zhēng)》:“懸權(quán)而動(dòng)?!崩钌屉[《瑤池》詩(shī):“黃竹歌聲動(dòng)地哀?!雹苁褂茫粍?dòng)用。蘇軾《辨黃慶基彈劾札子》:“若一一似此羅織人言,則天下之人更不敢開(kāi)口動(dòng)筆矣?!雹莅l(fā)動(dòng);開(kāi)動(dòng)?!稘h書(shū)·魏相傳》:“今邊郡困乏……??植荒茏源?,難以動(dòng)兵?!眲⒚C《大唐新語(yǔ)·極諫》:“今所幸宮去京二百餘裡,鑾輿動(dòng)軔,俄經(jīng)旬日,非可朝行暮至也?!?幸:舊指皇帝親臨。動(dòng)軔:?jiǎn)?dòng)車(chē)輛。)⑥萌發(fā);發(fā)生?!洱R民要術(shù)·插刜》:“刜葉微動(dòng)為上時(shí),將欲開(kāi)莩為下時(shí)。”(上時(shí):最好的時(shí)間。開(kāi)莩:葉子裂開(kāi)。)⑦改變;變化?!夺釢h書(shū)·班固傳》:“君臣動(dòng)色,左右相趨?!雹喔袆?dòng);觸動(dòng)?!妒酚洝そ{侯周勃世傢》:“天子為動(dòng),改容式車(chē)?!雹釕涯睢6鸥Α对亼压袍E五首》之一:“庾信生平最蕭瑟,暮年詩(shī)賦動(dòng)鄉(xiāng)關(guān)。”⑩引動(dòng);牽動(dòng)。柳宗元《答貢士沈起書(shū)》:“謹(jǐn)以所示佈露於聞人,羅列於坐隅,使識(shí)者動(dòng)目,聞?wù)邇A耳?!?聞人:有名望的人。坐:“座”本字,座位。)(11)指動(dòng)物。歸有光《二石說(shuō)》:“至仁之澤,洋洋乎被動(dòng)植矣?!?被:施加。)(12)副詞。表示動(dòng)作行為發(fā)生次數(shù)很多,相當(dāng)於“常?!薄皠?dòng)不動(dòng)”?!稘h書(shū)·食貨志上》:“又動(dòng)欲慕古,不度時(shí)宜?!?/div> 子:①孩子,兼指男女?!对?shī)經(jīng)·豳風(fēng)· 七月》:“同我婦子,饁彼南畝?!?饁yè:送飯。南畝:指田地。)②兒子或女兒?!稇?zhàn)國(guó)策·趙策四》:“丈夫亦愛(ài)憐其少子乎?”此指兒子?!俄n非子·說(shuō)林上》:“衛(wèi)人嫁其子。”此指女兒。③人的通稱(chēng),或指男;或指女?!对?shī)經(jīng)·邶風(fēng)·匏有苦葉》:“招招舟子,人涉印否?”(涉:過(guò)河。印āng:我。)《周南·桃夭》:“之子於歸,宜其室傢?!?之:此。歸:出嫁。)④尊稱(chēng),多指男子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·衛(wèi)風(fēng)·氓》:“匪我愆期,子無(wú)良媒?!?匪:非。愆qiān:錯(cuò),誤。)⑤動(dòng)物的卵或幼小的動(dòng)物?!对?shī)經(jīng)·小雅·小宛》:“螟嶺有子,蜾蠃負(fù)之?!?螟蛉mínglíng:一種吃禾心的害蟲(chóng)。蜾蠃guǒluǒ:細(xì)腰蜂。)《後漢書(shū)·班超傳》:“不入虎穴,不得虎子?!雹拗参锏墓麑?shí)或種子。劉義慶《世說(shuō)新語(yǔ)·雅量》:“樹(shù)在道邊而多子,此必苦李?!崩罴潯稇戅r(nóng)》之一:“春種一粒粟,秋收萬(wàn)顆子?!雹吖糯宓染粑坏牡谒牡??!抖Y記·王制》:“王者之制祿爵:公、侯、伯、子、男凡五等?!雹嗟刂У牡谝晃唬Ec天幹相配以紀(jì)日、紀(jì)年?!洞呵?· 桓公十八年》:“夏四月丙子,公薨於齊?!表n愈《息國(guó)夫人墓志銘》:“元和七年甲子,日南至,以疾卒?!?元和:唐憲宗年號(hào)。日南至:指夏至。)又指十二時(shí)辰之一,即子時(shí),自夜十一時(shí)至次日晨一時(shí)。⑨利息?!妒酚洝へ浿沉袀鳌?“子貸金錢(qián)千貫?!?/div> 胥:①觀察;察看?!对?shī)經(jīng)·大雅·公劉》:“篤公劉,於胥斯原?!雹诠俑械男±簟!吨芏Y·天官·序官》:“胥,十有二人。徒,百有二十人?!雹巯矘?lè)。唐德宗《重陽(yáng)中外同歡以詩(shī)言志》:“至化自敦睦,佳辰宜宴胥?!雹芨鷱?;相隨?!豆茏印醒浴?“人進(jìn)亦進(jìn),人退亦退,人勞亦勞,人佚亦佚,進(jìn)退勞佚,與人相胥?!雹莞痹~。1. 表示方式,相當(dāng)於“相互”?!渡袝?shū)·盤(pán)庚上》:“汝曷弗告朕,而胥動(dòng)以浮言,恐沈於眾?”2.全;都?!睹献印とf(wàn)章上》:“天下之士多就之者,帝將胥天下而遷之?!雹拚Z(yǔ)氣詞?!对?shī)經(jīng)·小雅·桑扈》:“君子樂(lè)胥,受天之祜?!?祜:福。)⑦通“須”。等待。《管子·君臣上》:“胥令而動(dòng)者也。”存:①問(wèn)候?!妒酚洝の汗恿袀鳌?“而公子親數(shù)存之?!雹诖嬖冢簧?。范縝《神滅論》:“是以形存則神存,形謝則神滅?!倍鸥Α妒纠簟?“存者且偷生,死者長(zhǎng)已矣。”③思念。王充《論衡·訂鬼》:“凡天地之間有鬼,非人死精神為之也,皆人思念存想之所致也?!?/div> 雖:①連詞。1.表示轉(zhuǎn)折。相當(dāng)於“雖然”?!睹献印じ孀由稀?“雖與之俱學(xué),弗若之矣。”(若:如。)2.表示讓步。相當(dāng)於“即使”、“縱然”?!读凶印珕?wèn)》:“雖我之死,有子存焉?!雹谕ā拔?wéi)”。副詞。相當(dāng)於“僅”、“隻”?!豆茏印ぞ枷隆?“決之則行,塞之則止,雖有明君能決之,能塞之?!雹巯x(chóng)名,形似蜥蜴。《說(shuō)文》:“雖,似蜥蠍而大?!?/div> 堪:①承受得起?!蹲髠鳌る[公元年》:“今京不度,非制也。君將不堪?!薄夺釢h書(shū)·朱俊傳》:“副相國(guó),非臣所堪也?!憋怠杜c山巨源絕交書(shū)》:“吾直性狹中,多所不堪,偶與足下相知耳?!?狹中:心地狹窄。)②可以;能夠?!渡袝?shū)·多方》:“惟爾多方,罔堪顧之?!标戇[《書(shū)憤》:“出師一表真名世,千載誰(shuí)堪伯仲間?”(誰(shuí)堪伯仲:伯仲,比喻不相上下。即誰(shuí)能夠相比。)伐:①討伐;進(jìn)攻?!渡叹龝?shū)·農(nóng)戰(zhàn)》:“興兵而伐,必取。”②聲討?!缎绿茣?shū)·鄭元璹傳》:“太宗賜書(shū)曰:‘知公口伐,可汗如約,遂使邊火熄燧(suì)?!?可汗:北方部族君主。燧:烽煙。)③砍伐?!稘h書(shū)·趙充國(guó)傳》:“入山伐材木?!雹芮么颉!蹲髠鳌の墓迥辍?“伐鼓於朝?!?朝:朝廷。)⑤功績(jī);功勞?!妒酚洝?項(xiàng)羽本紀(jì)》:“自矜功伐?!雹拮晕艺F耀?!独献印返诙拢骸安蛔苑?,故有功?!雹哒f(shuō)媒。《桃花扇·拒媒》:“人是有一個(gè)在這裡,隻要你去作伐?!?/div> 尚:①加在上面;超過(guò)?!对?shī)經(jīng)·齊風(fēng)·著》:“尚之以瓊?cè)A乎而?!?瓊?cè)A:精美的玉。乎而:語(yǔ)氣詞。)②矜誇?!夺釢h書(shū)·張衡傳》:“雖才高於世,而無(wú)驕尚之情?!雹圩鸪?;崇尚?!肚f子·天道》:“鄉(xiāng)黨尚齒,行事尚賢?!雹苤救ぃ粣?ài)好。柳宗元《遊南亭夜還敘志七十韻》:“夙抱丘壑尚,率性恣遊遨?!雹莨糯刂溉⒌弁踔疄槠蕖!缎绿茣?shū)·郭釗傳》:“其子仲詞尚饒陽(yáng)公主?!雹拗鞴埽惶刂傅弁醯乃饺耸挛??!痘茨献印び[冥》:“夫瞽師庶女,位賤尚葈?!?尚葈:即典枲,掌管佈縷麻草之物。)《史記·呂太後本紀(jì)》:“襄平侯通尚符節(jié)?!?通:紀(jì)通,人名。)⑦副詞。尚且;還?!对?shī)經(jīng)·王風(fēng)·兔爰》:“我生之初,尚無(wú)為?!彼抉R遷《報(bào)任安書(shū)》:“如仆,尚何言哉!”畏:①恐懼;害怕?!妒酚洝ちH藺相如列傳》:“趙王畏秦,欲毋行?!雹趹n慮;擔(dān)心?!妒酚?·項(xiàng)羽本紀(jì)》:“今卒少惰矣,秦兵日益,臣為君畏之!”③嚇唬;使害怕?!俄n非子·忠孝》:“又且畏之以罰,然後不敢退?!雹芫捶!墩撜Z(yǔ)·子罕》:“後生可畏,焉知來(lái)者之不如今也?”⑤通“隈”。弓的彎曲處?!吨芏Y·考工記· 弓人》:“夫角之中,恒當(dāng)弓之畏?!雹尥ā巴?wēi)”。威嚴(yán)?!俄n非子·主道》:“其行罰也,畏乎如雷霆。”忠:①盡心竭力?!墩撜Z(yǔ)·學(xué)而》:“為人謀而不忠乎?”《尚書(shū)·仲虺之誥》:“佑賢輔德,顯忠遂良。”(遂:舉薦。)②為君王盡心盡責(zé)?!稇?zhàn)國(guó)策·秦策一》:“昔者子胥忠其君?!?子胥:人名。)忠義:①忠信,節(jié)義?!度龂?guó)志·魏·齊王芳傳》:“未追加褒寵,所以表?yè)P(yáng)~~。”②忠臣義士?!夺釢h書(shū)·臧洪傳》:“欲為天下除暴,而專(zhuān)先誅~~,豈合天意?”義:(一)①合宜;合理。《論語(yǔ)·公冶長(zhǎng)》:“其養(yǎng)民也惠,其使民也義。”(使:役使。)也指合宜的道德、行為或道理?!蹲髠鳌る[公元年》:“多行不義,必自斃?!雹谡x;道義。《孟子·盡心下》:“春秋無(wú)義戰(zhàn)?!雹壑缸慨愡^(guò)人的品行與節(jié)操?!妒酚洝ば帕昃袀鳌?“以公子之高義,為能急人之困?!?急:急於援助。)④名分?!渡叹龝?shū)·君臣》:“古者未有君臣上下之時(shí),民亂而不治,是以聖人列貴賤,制爵秩,立名號(hào),以別君臣上下之義也?!?秩:等級(jí);次序。)⑤交情;情分?!豆沤裥≌f(shuō)·蔣興哥重會(huì)珍珠衫》:“兩下恩深義重,各不相舍?!雹抟饬x;含義。《晉書(shū)·王隱傳》:“文體混漫,義不可解。”⑦公益的;為公益事業(yè)而舉辦的。幹寶《搜神記》卷十一:“(周)暢收葬洛陽(yáng)城旁客死駭骨萬(wàn)餘,為立義塚(zhǒng)。”(客:寄居他鄉(xiāng)。塚:墳?zāi)埂?⑧因領(lǐng)養(yǎng)或拜認(rèn)而結(jié)成的親屬關(guān)系。楊衒之《洛陽(yáng)伽藍(lán)記·景興尼寺》:“汝南王聞而異之,拜為義父?!雹峒俚?;人造的?!缎绿茣?shū)·五行志一》:“義髻(jì)拋河裡?!?髻:發(fā)髻。)⑩通“議”。議論?!稇?zhàn)國(guó)策·東周策》:“秦王不聽(tīng)群臣父兄之義而攻宜陽(yáng)?!薄秴问洗呵铩?上農(nóng)》:“民農(nóng)則重,重則少私義,少私義則公法立。”(11)通“俄é”。邪曲。《左傳·文公十八年》:“掩義隱賊?!?(二)yí ①儀容;狀貌?!稘h書(shū)·高帝紀(jì)下》:“遣詣相國(guó)府,署行、義、年。”②禮儀;儀制?!蹲髠鳌でf公二十三年》:“朝以正班爵之義?!?/div> “兵未動(dòng),子胥存,雖堪伐、尚畏忠義?!痹?shī)句出處:《薄媚》;是宋朝詩(shī)人董穎的作品。 耳盈絲竹,眼搖珠翠。迷樂(lè)事。宮闈門(mén)。爭(zhēng)知。漸國(guó)勢(shì)凌夷。奸臣獻(xiàn)佞,轉(zhuǎn)恣奢淫,天譴歲屢饑。從此萬(wàn)姓離心解體。越遣使。陰窺虛實(shí),蚤夜?fàn)I邊備。兵未動(dòng),子胥存,雖堪伐、尚畏忠義。斯人既戮,又且嚴(yán)兵卷土,赴黃池觀釁,種蠡方云可矣。
| 【注釋】: 兵:①兵器;武器。賈誼《過(guò)秦論》:“斬木為兵,揭竿為旗?!?揭:舉。)②士卒;軍隊(duì)?!妒酚洝っ商窳袀鳌?“今臣將兵三十余萬(wàn)。”③用兵器殺(人)?!妒酚洝げ牧袀鳌?“左右欲兵之?!雹軕?zhàn)爭(zhēng);軍事?!秾O子兵法·計(jì)篇》:“兵者,國(guó)之大事?!?/div> 未:①十二地支之一?!洞呵铩でf公二十四年》:“六月辛未,朔,日有食之。”②十二時(shí)辰之一,即午后一時(shí)至三時(shí)。③十二生肖屬羊。④副詞。1.表示否定。a.相當(dāng)于“不”。《詩(shī)經(jīng)·周頌·小毖》:“未堪家多難。”b.相當(dāng)于“沒(méi)有”、“不曾”?!对?shī)經(jīng) · 召南·草蟲(chóng)》:“未見(jiàn)君子,我心傷悲?!?. 用在句尾,表示疑問(wèn)。相當(dāng)于“否”。《后漢書(shū)·劉表傳》:“言出子口而入吾耳,可以言未?”動(dòng):①行動(dòng); 活動(dòng)?!吨芤住は缔o下》:“變動(dòng)以利言,吉兇以情遷?!?利:利益。遷:變易。)《孫臏兵法·見(jiàn)威王》:“事備而后動(dòng)?!雹趧谧?;勞動(dòng)?!睹献印?滕文公上》:“為民父母,使民盻盻(xì)然,將終歲勤動(dòng),不得以養(yǎng)其父母?!?盻盻:恨視。)③震動(dòng);移動(dòng)。《孫子兵法· 軍爭(zhēng)》:“懸權(quán)而動(dòng)。”李商隱《瑤池》詩(shī):“黃竹歌聲動(dòng)地哀?!雹苁褂?;動(dòng)用。蘇軾《辨黃慶基彈劾札子》:“若一一似此羅織人言,則天下之人更不敢開(kāi)口動(dòng)筆矣?!雹莅l(fā)動(dòng);開(kāi)動(dòng)?!稘h書(shū)·魏相傳》:“今邊郡困乏……??植荒茏源?,難以動(dòng)兵?!眲⒚C《大唐新語(yǔ)·極諫》:“今所幸宮去京二百余里,鑾輿動(dòng)軔,俄經(jīng)旬日,非可朝行暮至也?!?幸:舊指皇帝親臨。動(dòng)軔:?jiǎn)?dòng)車(chē)輛。)⑥萌發(fā);發(fā)生?!洱R民要術(shù)·插刜》:“刜葉微動(dòng)為上時(shí),將欲開(kāi)莩為下時(shí)?!?上時(shí):最好的時(shí)間。開(kāi)莩:葉子裂開(kāi)。)⑦改變;變化。《后漢書(shū)·班固傳》:“君臣動(dòng)色,左右相趨?!雹喔袆?dòng);觸動(dòng)。《史記·絳侯周勃世家》:“天子為動(dòng),改容式車(chē)?!雹釕涯?。杜甫《詠懷古跡五首》之一:“庾信生平最蕭瑟,暮年詩(shī)賦動(dòng)鄉(xiāng)關(guān)?!雹庖齽?dòng);牽動(dòng)。柳宗元《答貢士沈起書(shū)》:“謹(jǐn)以所示布露于聞人,羅列于坐隅,使識(shí)者動(dòng)目,聞?wù)邇A耳?!?聞人:有名望的人。坐:“座”本字,座位。)(11)指動(dòng)物。歸有光《二石說(shuō)》:“至仁之澤,洋洋乎被動(dòng)植矣?!?被:施加。)(12)副詞。表示動(dòng)作行為發(fā)生次數(shù)很多,相當(dāng)于“常?!薄皠?dòng)不動(dòng)”?!稘h書(shū)·食貨志上》:“又動(dòng)欲慕古,不度時(shí)宜?!?/div> 子:①孩子,兼指男女?!对?shī)經(jīng)·豳風(fēng)· 七月》:“同我婦子,馌彼南畝?!?馌yè:送飯。南畝:指田地。)②兒子或女兒。《戰(zhàn)國(guó)策·趙策四》:“丈夫亦愛(ài)憐其少子乎?”此指兒子?!俄n非子·說(shuō)林上》:“衛(wèi)人嫁其子?!贝酥概畠?。③人的通稱(chēng),或指男;或指女?!对?shī)經(jīng)·邶風(fēng)·匏有苦葉》:“招招舟子,人涉印否?”(涉:過(guò)河。印āng:我。)《周南·桃夭》:“之子于歸,宜其室家?!?之:此。歸:出嫁。)④尊稱(chēng),多指男子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·衛(wèi)風(fēng)·氓》:“匪我愆期,子無(wú)良媒?!?匪:非。愆qiān:錯(cuò),誤。)⑤動(dòng)物的卵或幼小的動(dòng)物?!对?shī)經(jīng)·小雅·小宛》:“螟嶺有子,蜾蠃負(fù)之?!?螟蛉mínglíng:一種吃禾心的害蟲(chóng)。蜾蠃guǒluǒ:細(xì)腰蜂。)《后漢書(shū)·班超傳》:“不入虎穴,不得虎子。”⑥植物的果實(shí)或種子。劉義慶《世說(shuō)新語(yǔ)·雅量》:“樹(shù)在道邊而多子,此必苦李?!崩罴潯稇戅r(nóng)》之一:“春種一粒粟,秋收萬(wàn)顆子。”⑦古代五等爵位的第四等?!抖Y記·王制》:“王者之制祿爵:公、侯、伯、子、男凡五等?!雹嗟刂У牡谝晃唬Ec天干相配以紀(jì)日、紀(jì)年?!洞呵?· 桓公十八年》:“夏四月丙子,公薨于齊?!表n愈《息國(guó)夫人墓志銘》:“元和七年甲子,日南至,以疾卒?!?元和:唐憲宗年號(hào)。日南至:指夏至。)又指十二時(shí)辰之一,即子時(shí),自夜十一時(shí)至次日晨一時(shí)。⑨利息。《史記·貨殖列傳》:“子貸金錢(qián)千貫?!?/div> 胥:①觀察;察看?!对?shī)經(jīng)·大雅·公劉》:“篤公劉,于胥斯原。”②官府中的小吏?!吨芏Y·天官·序官》:“胥,十有二人。徒,百有二十人?!雹巯矘?lè)。唐德宗《重陽(yáng)中外同歡以詩(shī)言志》:“至化自敦睦,佳辰宜宴胥?!雹芨鷱?;相隨?!豆茏印醒浴?“人進(jìn)亦進(jìn),人退亦退,人勞亦勞,人佚亦佚,進(jìn)退勞佚,與人相胥?!雹莞痹~。1. 表示方式,相當(dāng)于“相互”。《尚書(shū)·盤(pán)庚上》:“汝曷弗告朕,而胥動(dòng)以浮言,恐沈于眾?”2.全;都。《孟子·萬(wàn)章上》:“天下之士多就之者,帝將胥天下而遷之?!雹拚Z(yǔ)氣詞?!对?shī)經(jīng)·小雅·桑扈》:“君子樂(lè)胥,受天之祜。”(祜:福。)⑦通“須”。等待?!豆茏印ぞ忌稀?“胥令而動(dòng)者也?!?/div> 存:①問(wèn)候?!妒酚洝の汗恿袀鳌?“而公子親數(shù)存之。”②存在;生存。范縝《神滅論》:“是以形存則神存,形謝則神滅?!倍鸥Α妒纠簟?“存者且偷生,死者長(zhǎng)已矣?!雹鬯寄?。王充《論衡·訂鬼》:“凡天地之間有鬼,非人死精神為之也,皆人思念存想之所致也?!?/div> 雖:①連詞。1.表示轉(zhuǎn)折。相當(dāng)于“雖然”?!睹献印じ孀由稀?“雖與之俱學(xué),弗若之矣?!?若:如。)2.表示讓步。相當(dāng)于“即使”、“縱然”。《列子·湯問(wèn)》:“雖我之死,有子存焉?!雹谕ā拔?wéi)”。副詞。相當(dāng)于“僅”、“只”?!豆茏印ぞ枷隆?“決之則行,塞之則止,雖有明君能決之,能塞之?!雹巯x(chóng)名,形似蜥蜴?!墩f(shuō)文》:“雖,似蜥蝎而大?!?/div> 堪:①承受得起?!蹲髠鳌る[公元年》:“今京不度,非制也。君將不堪?!薄逗鬂h書(shū)·朱俊傳》:“副相國(guó),非臣所堪也?!憋怠杜c山巨源絕交書(shū)》:“吾直性狹中,多所不堪,偶與足下相知耳?!?狹中:心地狹窄。)②可以;能夠。《尚書(shū)·多方》:“惟爾多方,罔堪顧之?!标懹巍稌?shū)憤》:“出師一表真名世,千載誰(shuí)堪伯仲間?”(誰(shuí)堪伯仲:伯仲,比喻不相上下。即誰(shuí)能夠相比。)伐:①討伐;進(jìn)攻。《商君書(shū)·農(nóng)戰(zhàn)》:“興兵而伐,必取?!雹诼曈??!缎绿茣?shū)·鄭元璹傳》:“太宗賜書(shū)曰:‘知公口伐,可汗如約,遂使邊火熄燧(suì)?!?可汗:北方部族君主。燧:烽煙。)③砍伐?!稘h書(shū)·趙充國(guó)傳》:“入山伐材木?!雹芮么??!蹲髠鳌の墓迥辍?“伐鼓于朝。”(朝:朝廷。)⑤功績(jī);功勞?!妒酚洝?項(xiàng)羽本紀(jì)》:“自矜功伐?!雹拮晕铱湟??!独献印返诙拢骸安蛔苑?,故有功?!雹哒f(shuō)媒?!短一ㄉ取ぞ苊健?“人是有一個(gè)在這里,只要你去作伐。”尚:①加在上面;超過(guò)?!对?shī)經(jīng)·齊風(fēng)·著》:“尚之以瓊?cè)A乎而?!?瓊?cè)A:精美的玉。乎而:語(yǔ)氣詞。)②矜夸。《后漢書(shū)·張衡傳》:“雖才高于世,而無(wú)驕尚之情。”③尊崇;崇尚?!肚f子·天道》:“鄉(xiāng)黨尚齒,行事尚賢?!雹苤救?;愛(ài)好。柳宗元《游南亭夜還敘志七十韻》:“夙抱丘壑尚,率性恣游遨?!雹莨糯刂溉⒌弁踔疄槠??!缎绿茣?shū)·郭釗傳》:“其子仲詞尚饒陽(yáng)公主?!雹拗鞴?;特指帝王的私人事物?!痘茨献印び[冥》:“夫瞽師庶女,位賤尚葈?!?尚葈:即典枲,掌管布縷麻草之物。)《史記·呂太后本紀(jì)》:“襄平侯通尚符節(jié)?!?通:紀(jì)通,人名。)⑦副詞。尚且;還。《詩(shī)經(jīng)·王風(fēng)·兔爰》:“我生之初,尚無(wú)為?!彼抉R遷《報(bào)任安書(shū)》:“如仆,尚何言哉!”畏:①恐懼;害怕。《史記·廉頗藺相如列傳》:“趙王畏秦,欲毋行?!雹趹n慮;擔(dān)心?!妒酚?·項(xiàng)羽本紀(jì)》:“今卒少惰矣,秦兵日益,臣為君畏之!”③嚇唬;使害怕。《韓非子·忠孝》:“又且畏之以罰,然后不敢退?!雹芫捶??!墩撜Z(yǔ)·子罕》:“后生可畏,焉知來(lái)者之不如今也?”⑤通“隈”。弓的彎曲處?!吨芏Y·考工記· 弓人》:“夫角之中,恒當(dāng)弓之畏。”⑥通“威(wēi)”。威嚴(yán)?!俄n非子·主道》:“其行罰也,畏乎如雷霆?!?/div> 忠:①盡心竭力?!墩撜Z(yǔ)·學(xué)而》:“為人謀而不忠乎?”《尚書(shū)·仲虺之誥》:“佑賢輔德,顯忠遂良?!?遂:舉薦。)②為君王盡心盡責(zé)?!稇?zhàn)國(guó)策·秦策一》:“昔者子胥忠其君?!?子胥:人名。)忠義:①忠信,節(jié)義。《三國(guó)志·魏·齊王芳傳》:“未追加褒寵,所以表?yè)P(yáng)~~。”②忠臣義士?!逗鬂h書(shū)·臧洪傳》:“欲為天下除暴,而專(zhuān)先誅~~,豈合天意?”義:(一)①合宜;合理。《論語(yǔ)·公冶長(zhǎng)》:“其養(yǎng)民也惠,其使民也義?!?使:役使。)也指合宜的道德、行為或道理?!蹲髠鳌る[公元年》:“多行不義,必自斃?!雹谡x;道義?!睹献印けM心下》:“春秋無(wú)義戰(zhàn)?!雹壑缸慨愡^(guò)人的品行與節(jié)操?!妒酚洝ば帕昃袀鳌?“以公子之高義,為能急人之困。”(急:急于援助。)④名分?!渡叹龝?shū)·君臣》:“古者未有君臣上下之時(shí),民亂而不治,是以圣人列貴賤,制爵秩,立名號(hào),以別君臣上下之義也。”(秩:等級(jí);次序。)⑤交情;情分?!豆沤裥≌f(shuō)·蔣興哥重會(huì)珍珠衫》:“兩下恩深義重,各不相舍?!雹抟饬x;含義?!稌x書(shū)·王隱傳》:“文體混漫,義不可解。”⑦公益的;為公益事業(yè)而舉辦的。干寶《搜神記》卷十一:“(周)暢收葬洛陽(yáng)城旁客死駭骨萬(wàn)余,為立義冢(zhǒng)?!?客:寄居他鄉(xiāng)。冢:墳?zāi)埂?⑧因領(lǐng)養(yǎng)或拜認(rèn)而結(jié)成的親屬關(guān)系。楊衒之《洛陽(yáng)伽藍(lán)記·景興尼寺》:“汝南王聞而異之,拜為義父?!雹峒俚模蝗嗽斓??!缎绿茣?shū)·五行志一》:“義髻(jì)拋河里?!?髻:發(fā)髻。)⑩通“議”。議論?!稇?zhàn)國(guó)策·東周策》:“秦王不聽(tīng)群臣父兄之義而攻宜陽(yáng)?!薄秴问洗呵铩?上農(nóng)》:“民農(nóng)則重,重則少私義,少私義則公法立?!?11)通“俄é”。邪曲。《左傳·文公十八年》:“掩義隱賊?!?(二)yí ①儀容;狀貌。《漢書(shū)·高帝紀(jì)下》:“遣詣相國(guó)府,署行、義、年。”②禮儀;儀制?!蹲髠鳌でf公二十三年》:“朝以正班爵之義?!?/div> “bing wei dong ,zi xu cun ,sui kan fa 、shang wei zhong yi ?!眘hi gou chu chu :《bao mei 》;shi song chao shi ren dong ying de zuo pin 。 er ying si zhu ,yan yao zhu cui 。mi le shi 。gong wei men 。zheng zhi 。jian guo shi ling yi 。jian chen suo ning ,zhuai zi she yin ,tian qian sui lv ji 。cong ci mo xing li xin jie ti 。yue qian shi 。yin kui xu shi ,zao ye ying bian bei 。bing wei dong ,zi xu cun ,sui kan fa 、shang wei zhong yi 。si ren ji lu ,you ju yan bing juan tu ,fu huang chi guan xin ,chong li fang yun ke yi 。
| 【zhu shi 】: bing :①bing qi ;wu qi 。gu yi 《guo qin lun 》:“zhan mu wei bing ,jie gan wei qi ?!?jie :ju 。)②shi cu ;jun dui 。《shi ji ·meng tian lie chuan 》:“jin chen jiang bing san shi yu mo ?!雹踶ong bing qi sha (ren )?!秙hi ji ·bai yi lie chuan 》:“zuo you yu bing zhi 。”④zhan zheng ;jun shi ?!秙un zi bing fa ·ji pian 》:“bing zhe ,guo zhi da shi ?!?/div> wei :①shi er de zhi zhi yi ?!禼hun qiu ·zhuang gong er shi si nian 》:“l(fā)iu yue xin wei ,shuo ,ri you shi zhi ?!雹趕hi er shi chen zhi yi ,ji wu hou yi shi zhi san shi 。③shi er sheng xiao shu yang 。④fu ci 。1.biao shi fou ding 。a.xiang dang yu “bu ”?!秙hi jing ·zhou song ·xiao bi 》:“wei kan jia duo nan ?!眀.xiang dang yu “mei you ”、“bu ceng ”?!秙hi jing · shao na ·cao chong 》:“wei jian jun zi ,wo xin shang bei 。”2. yong zai gou wei ,biao shi yi wen 。xiang dang yu “fou ”?!秇ou han shu ·liu biao chuan 》:“yan chu zi kou er ru wu er ,ke yi yan wei ?”dong :①hang dong ; huo dong ?!秡hou yi ·ji ci xia 》:“bian dong yi li yan ,ji xiong yi qing qian ?!?li :li yi 。qian :bian yi 。)《sun bin bing fa ·jian wei wang 》:“shi bei er hou dong 。”②lao zuo ;lao dong 。《meng zi · teng wen gong shang 》:“wei min fu mu ,shi min xi xi (xì)ran ,jiang zhong sui qin dong ,bu de yi yang ji fu mu ?!?xi xi :hen shi 。)③zhen dong ;yi dong 。《sun zi bing fa · jun zheng 》:“xuan quan er dong 。”li shang yin 《yao chi 》shi :“huang zhu ge sheng dong de ai ?!雹躶hi yong ;dong yong 。su shi 《bian huang qing ji dan he zha zi 》:“re yi yi shi ci luo zhi ren yan ,ze tian xia zhi ren geng bu gan kai kou dong bi yi ?!雹輋a dong ;kai dong ?!秇an shu ·wei xiang chuan 》:“jin bian jun kun fa ……chang kong bu neng zi cun ,nan yi dong bing 。”liu su 《da tang xin yu ·ji jian 》:“jin suo xing gong qu jing er bai yu li ,luan yu dong ren ,e jing xun ri ,fei ke chao hang mu zhi ye 。”(xing :jiu zhi huang di qin lin 。dong ren :qi dong che liang 。)⑥meng fa ;fa sheng ?!秊i min yao shu ·cha fu 》:“fu xie wei dong wei shang shi ,jiang yu kai fu wei xia shi 。”(shang shi :zui hao de shi jian 。kai fu :xie zi lie kai 。)⑦gai bian ;bian hua ?!秇ou han shu ·ban gu chuan 》:“jun chen dong se ,zuo you xiang qu ?!雹鄃an dong ;chu dong ?!秙hi ji ·jiang hou zhou bo shi jia 》:“tian zi wei dong ,gai rong shi che 。”⑨huai nian 。du fu 《yong huai gu ji wu shou 》zhi yi :“yu xin sheng ping zui xiao se ,mu nian shi fu dong xiang guan 。”⑩yin dong ;qian dong 。liu zong yuan 《da gong shi shen qi shu 》:“jin yi suo shi bu lou yu wen ren ,luo lie yu zuo yu ,shi shi zhe dong mu ,wen zhe qing er ?!?wen ren :you ming wang de ren 。zuo :“zuo ”ben zi ,zuo wei 。)(11)zhi dong wu 。gui you guang 《er dan shui 》:“zhi ren zhi ze ,xiang xiang hu bei dong zhi yi 。”(bei :shi jia 。)(12)fu ci 。biao shi dong zuo hang wei fa sheng ci shu hen duo ,xiang dang yu “chang chang ”“dong bu dong ”。《han shu ·shi huo zhi shang 》:“you dong yu mu gu ,bu du shi yi 。”zi :①hai zi ,jian zhi nan nv ?!秙hi jing ·bin feng · qi yue 》:“tong wo fu zi ,ye bi na mu ?!?ye yè:song fan 。na mu :zhi tian de 。)②er zi huo nv er 。《zhan guo ce ·zhao ce si 》:“zhang fu yi ai lian ji shao zi hu ?”ci zhi er zi 。《han fei zi ·shui lin shang 》:“wei ren jia ji zi ?!眂i zhi nv er 。③ren de tong chen ,huo zhi nan ;huo zhi nv ?!秙hi jing ·bei feng ·pao you ku xie 》:“qiao qiao zhou zi ,ren she yin fou ?”(she :guo he 。yin āng:wo 。)《zhou na ·tao wai 》:“zhi zi yu gui ,yi ji shi jia ?!?zhi :ci 。gui :chu jia 。)④zun chen ,duo zhi nan zi ?!秙hi jing ·wei feng ·mang 》:“fei wo qian ji ,zi mo liang mei 。”(fei :fei 。qian qiān:cuo ,wu 。)⑤dong wu de luan huo you xiao de dong wu ?!秙hi jing ·xiao ya ·xiao wan 》:“ming ling you zi ,guo luo fu zhi ?!?ming ling mínglíng:yi chong chi he xin de hai chong 。guo luo guǒluǒ:xi yao feng 。)《hou han shu ·ban chao chuan 》:“bu ru hu xue ,bu de hu zi ?!雹込hi wu de guo shi huo chong zi 。liu yi qing 《shi shui xin yu ·ya liang 》:“shu zai dao bian er duo zi ,ci bi ku li ?!眑i shen 《min nong 》zhi yi :“chun chong yi li su ,qiu shou mo ke zi ?!雹遟u dai wu deng jue wei de di si deng 。《li ji ·wang zhi 》:“wang zhe zhi zhi lu jue :gong 、hou 、bai 、zi 、nan fan wu deng ?!雹郿e zhi de di yi wei ,chang yu tian gan xiang pei yi ji ri 、ji nian ?!禼hun qiu · huan gong shi ba nian 》:“xia si yue bing zi ,gong hong yu ji ?!県an yu 《xi guo fu ren mu zhi ming 》:“yuan he qi nian jia zi ,ri na zhi ,yi ji cu ?!?yuan he :tang xian zong nian hao 。ri na zhi :zhi xia zhi 。)you zhi shi er shi chen zhi yi ,ji zi shi ,zi ye shi yi shi zhi ci ri chen yi shi 。⑨li xi ?!秙hi ji ·huo shi lie chuan 》:“zi dai jin qian qian guan 。”xu :①guan cha ;cha kan ?!秙hi jing ·da ya ·gong liu 》:“du gong liu ,yu xu si yuan ?!雹趃uan fu zhong de xiao li ?!秡hou li ·tian guan ·xu guan 》:“xu ,shi you er ren 。tu ,bai you er shi ren ?!雹踴i le 。tang de zong 《chong yang zhong wai tong huan yi shi yan zhi 》:“zhi hua zi dui mu ,jia chen yi yan xu ?!雹躦en cong ;xiang sui ?!秅uan zi ·shu yan 》:“ren jin yi jin ,ren tui yi tui ,ren lao yi lao ,ren yi yi yi ,jin tui lao yi ,yu ren xiang xu ?!雹輋u ci 。1. biao shi fang shi ,xiang dang yu “xiang hu ”?!秙hang shu ·pan geng shang 》:“ru he fu gao zhen ,er xu dong yi fu yan ,kong shen yu zhong ?”2.quan ;dou ?!秏eng zi ·mo zhang shang 》:“tian xia zhi shi duo jiu zhi zhe ,di jiang xu tian xia er qian zhi 。”⑥yu qi ci ?!秙hi jing ·xiao ya ·sang hu 》:“jun zi le xu ,shou tian zhi hu ?!?hu :fu 。)⑦tong “xu ”。deng dai ?!秅uan zi ·jun chen shang 》:“xu ling er dong zhe ye ?!?/div> cun :①wen hou ?!秙hi ji ·wei gong zi lie chuan 》:“er gong zi qin shu cun zhi 。”②cun zai ;sheng cun 。fan zhen 《shen mie lun 》:“shi yi xing cun ze shen cun ,xing xie ze shen mie 。”du fu 《dan hao li 》:“cun zhe ju tou sheng ,si zhe chang yi yi 。”③sai nian 。wang chong 《lun heng ·ding gui 》:“fan tian de zhi jian you gui ,fei ren si jing shen wei zhi ye ,jie ren sai nian cun xiang zhi suo zhi ye ?!?/div> sui :①lian ci 。1.biao shi zhuai she 。xiang dang yu “sui ran ”。《meng zi ·gao zi shang 》:“sui yu zhi ju xue ,fu re zhi yi 。”(re :ru 。)2.biao shi rang bu 。xiang dang yu “ji shi ”、“zong ran ”?!秎ie zi ·shang wen 》:“sui wo zhi si ,you zi cun yan ?!雹趖ong “wei (wéi)”。fu ci 。xiang dang yu “jin ”、“zhi ”?!秅uan zi ·jun chen xia 》:“jue zhi ze hang ,sai zhi ze zhi ,sui you ming jun neng jue zhi ,neng sai zhi ?!雹踓hong ming ,xing shi xi yi 。《shui wen 》:“sui ,shi xi xie er da ?!?/div> kan :①cheng shou de qi ?!秡uo chuan ·yin gong yuan nian 》:“jin jing bu du ,fei zhi ye 。jun jiang bu kan 。”《hou han shu ·zhu jun chuan 》:“fu xiang guo ,fei chen suo kan ye 。”ji kang 《yu shan ju yuan jue jiao shu 》:“wu zhi xing xia zhong ,duo suo bu kan ,ou yu zu xia xiang zhi er ?!?xia zhong :xin de xia zhai 。)②ke yi ;neng gou ?!秙hang shu ·duo fang 》:“wei er duo fang ,wang kan gu zhi ?!眑iu you 《shu fen 》:“chu shi yi biao zhen ming shi ,qian zai shei kan bai zhong jian ?”(shei kan bai zhong :bai zhong ,bi yu bu xiang shang xia 。ji shei neng gou xiang bi 。)fa :①tao fa ;jin gong 。《shang jun shu ·nong zhan 》:“xing bing er fa ,bi qu ?!雹趕heng tao 。《xin tang shu ·zheng yuan shu chuan 》:“tai zong ci shu yue :‘zhi gong kou fa ,ke han ru yao ,sui shi bian huo xi sui (suì)?!?ke han :bei fang bu zu jun zhu 。sui :feng yan 。)③kan fa 。《han shu ·zhao chong guo chuan 》:“ru shan fa cai mu ?!雹躴iao da ?!秡uo chuan ·wen gong shi wu nian 》:“fa gu yu chao 。”(chao :chao ting 。)⑤gong ji ;gong lao ?!秙hi ji · xiang yu ben ji 》:“zi jin gong fa ?!雹込i wo kua yao ?!秎ao zi 》di er shi er zhang :“bu zi fa ,gu you gong ?!雹遱hui mei ?!秚ao hua shan ·ju mei 》:“ren shi you yi ge zai zhe li ,zhi yao ni qu zuo fa ?!?/div> shang :①jia zai shang mian ;chao guo ?!秙hi jing ·ji feng ·zhe 》:“shang zhi yi qiong hua hu er 。”(qiong hua :jing mei de yu 。hu er :yu qi ci 。)②jin kua ?!秇ou han shu ·zhang heng chuan 》:“sui cai gao yu shi ,er mo jiao shang zhi qing ?!雹踷un chong ;chong shang ?!秡huang zi ·tian dao 》:“xiang dang shang chi ,hang shi shang xian ?!雹躾hi qu ;ai hao 。liu zong yuan 《you na ting ye hai xu zhi qi shi yun 》:“su bao qiu he shang ,lv xing zi you ao 。”⑤gu dai te zhi qu di wang zhi nv wei qi ?!秞in tang shu ·guo zhao chuan 》:“ji zi zhong ci shang rao yang gong zhu ?!雹込hu guan ;te zhi di wang de si ren shi wu ?!秇uai na zi ·lan ming 》:“fu gu shi shu nv ,wei jian shang xi ?!?shang xi :ji dian xi ,zhang guan bu lv ma cao zhi wu 。)《shi ji ·lv tai hou ben ji 》:“xiang ping hou tong shang fu jie ?!?tong :ji tong ,ren ming 。)⑦fu ci 。shang ju ;hai 。《shi jing ·wang feng ·tu yuan 》:“wo sheng zhi chu ,shang mo wei ?!眘i ma qian 《bao ren an shu 》:“ru pu ,shang he yan zai !”wei :①kong ju ;hai pa ?!秙hi ji ·lian po lin xiang ru lie chuan 》:“zhao wang wei qin ,yu wu hang ?!雹趛ou lv ;dan xin 。《shi ji ·xiang yu ben ji 》:“jin cu shao duo yi ,qin bing ri yi ,chen wei jun wei zhi !”③he hu ;shi hai pa ?!秇an fei zi ·zhong xiao 》:“you ju wei zhi yi fa ,ran hou bu gan tui ?!雹躩ing fu ?!秎un yu ·zi han 》:“hou sheng ke wei ,yan zhi lai zhe zhi bu ru jin ye ?”⑤tong “wei ”。gong de wan qu chu ?!秡hou li ·kao gong ji · gong ren 》:“fu jiao zhi zhong ,heng dang gong zhi wei ?!雹辴ong “wei (wēi)”。wei yan ?!秇an fei zi ·zhu dao 》:“ji hang fa ye ,wei hu ru lei ting ?!?/div> zhong :①jin xin jie li ?!秎un yu ·xue er 》:“wei ren mou er bu zhong hu ?”《shang shu ·zhong hui zhi gao 》:“you xian fu de ,xian zhong sui liang ?!?sui :ju jian 。)②wei jun wang jin xin jin ze ?!秡han guo ce ·qin ce yi 》:“xi zhe zi xu zhong ji jun 。”(zi xu :ren ming 。)zhong yi :①zhong xin ,jie yi ?!秙an guo zhi ·wei ·ji wang fang chuan 》:“wei zhui jia bao chong ,suo yi biao yang ~~?!雹趜hong chen yi shi ?!秇ou han shu ·zang hong chuan 》:“yu wei tian xia chu bao ,er zhuan xian zhu ~~,qi ge tian yi ?”yi :(yi )①ge yi ;ge li ?!秎un yu ·gong ye chang 》:“ji yang min ye hui ,ji shi min ye yi ?!?shi :yi shi 。)ye zhi ge yi de dao de 、hang wei huo dao li ?!秡uo chuan ·yin gong yuan nian 》:“duo hang bu yi ,bi zi bi 。”②zheng yi ;dao yi ?!秏eng zi ·jin xin xia 》:“chun qiu mo yi zhan ?!雹踷hi zhuo yi guo ren de pin hang yu jie cao 。《shi ji ·xin ling jun lie chuan 》:“yi gong zi zhi gao yi ,wei neng ji ren zhi kun 。”(ji :ji yu yuan zhu 。)④ming fen 。《shang jun shu ·jun chen 》:“gu zhe wei you jun chen shang xia zhi shi ,min luan er bu zhi ,shi yi sheng ren lie gui jian ,zhi jue zhi ,li ming hao ,yi bie jun chen shang xia zhi yi ye ?!?zhi :deng ji ;ci xu 。)⑤jiao qing ;qing fen ?!秅u jin xiao shui ·jiang xing ge chong hui zhen zhu shan 》:“l(fā)iang xia en shen yi chong ,ge bu xiang she ?!雹辻i yi ;han yi ?!秊in shu ·wang yin chuan 》:“wen ti hun man ,yi bu ke jie ?!雹遟ong yi de ;wei gong yi shi ye er ju ban de 。gan bao 《sou shen ji 》juan shi yi :“(zhou )chang shou zang luo yang cheng pang ke si hai gu mo yu ,wei li yi zhong (zhǒng)。”(ke :ji ju ta xiang 。zhong :fen mu 。)⑧yin ling yang huo bai ren er jie cheng de qin shu guan ji 。yang xuan zhi 《luo yang ga lan ji ·jing xing ni si 》:“ru na wang wen er yi zhi ,bai wei yi fu ?!雹醞ia de ;ren zao de ?!秞in tang shu ·wu hang zhi yi 》:“yi ji (jì)pao he li ?!?ji :fa ji 。)⑩tong “yi ”。yi lun ?!秡han guo ce ·dong zhou ce 》:“qin wang bu ting qun chen fu xiong zhi yi er gong yi yang ?!薄秎v shi chun qiu · shang nong 》:“min nong ze chong ,chong ze shao si yi ,shao si yi ze gong fa li ?!?11)tong “e é”。xie qu ?!秡uo chuan ·wen gong shi ba nian 》:“yan yi yin zei ?!?(er )yí ①yi rong ;zhuang mao ?!秇an shu ·gao di ji xia 》:“qian yi xiang guo fu ,shu hang 、yi 、nian 。”②li yi ;yi zhi ?!秡uo chuan ·zhuang gong er shi san nian 》:“chao yi zheng ban jue zhi yi ?!?/div>
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