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(1)品格高尚，正直善良 (goodness of character;moral excellence)[U]：a paragon of～一個(gè)盡善盡美的典型;lead a life of～過(guò)著積德行善的生活;He is a person/a man of great/the highest～. 他是一個(gè)道德高尚的人。Didn't Emerson say“V～is its own reward”?愛(ài)默生不是講過(guò)“有德便是好報(bào)”嗎?〖同〗goodness，uprightness，honour，honesty，integrity;〖反〗vice，wickedness，evil，sinfulness，dishonour;

(2)美德(優(yōu)良品質(zhì))(particular moral excellence)[C]：cardinal/natural/theological～s基本/天然/神學(xué)上的美德;extol/praise the～s of thrift 頌揚(yáng)/贊美節(jié)約的優(yōu)良品德;Honesty/Truthfulness/Loyalty/Courage/Patience is but one of his～s. 誠(chéng)實(shí)/率真/忠誠(chéng)/勇敢/耐心只是他的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)之一?！纪絪trength，principle;〖反〗weakness，failing，fault;

(3)優(yōu)越性，長(zhǎng)處(優(yōu)點(diǎn))(advantage)[C， U， the～][N(of)]：learn the～of keeping one's mouth shut 學(xué)習(xí)守口如瓶的優(yōu)點(diǎn);have the～of being adjustable/easy to clean有可調(diào)節(jié)/易于打掃的優(yōu)點(diǎn);The great～of air travel is speed. 空中旅行的巨大優(yōu)越性就是速度快。One of the～s of this material is its hard-wearing nature. 這種材料的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是其耐磨性。There is no～in waiting here for him any longer. 在這里繼續(xù)等他沒(méi)有用處。〖同〗benefit，advantage，value，reward;〖反〗disadvantage;

(4)(藥物)效果(effectiveness;power)[U， C]：There is little～in that medicine. 那種藥沒(méi)什么效力。(people)doubt the～of ancient country medicines in curing the sick (人們)懷疑古代鄉(xiāng)間藥物治病的藥效;

(5)貞操(chastity， esp of a woman)[U](fml)：lose/preserve one's～失去/保持貞操;The queen's～is unquestioned. 女王的貞操是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的。She escaped from his clutches with her～intact. 她免遭他的毒手，保住了自己的貞操?！纪絠nnocence，modesty;

by/in virtue of (fml)由于：By～of his high rank and position， the President takes social leadership almost over everyone else. 憑借顯赫的地位和職位，總統(tǒng)在社會(huì)上幾乎可以領(lǐng)導(dǎo)任何人。It was only by～of his indomitable will-power that he finally succeeded. 完全由于他不屈不撓的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志，他才最后獲得了成功。

make a virtue of necessity 把非做不可的事裝成出于好心才做：New jobs aren't easy to get just now . You'll have to make a～of necessity and go on doing the job you've got. 眼下工作不易找到，你要心甘情愿地繼續(xù)做你手里現(xiàn)有的工作。

→′virtuous adj 有道德的;′virtuously adv 正直地;′virtuousness n 有道德;

【辨異】virtue與goodness和morality的區(qū)別見(jiàn)GOODNESS。