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(1)愛虛榮的，高傲的 (excessively proud of one's own appearance， qualities or achievements)： a～man/young woman 高傲的人/姑娘;be～and extravagant 傲慢而奢侈;be～about (of) one's appearance/one's beauty/one's good looks 對自己的容貌/美貌/標(biāo)致長相感到驕傲;Too much praise can make a man～. 過分的贊揚(yáng)能使人高傲自負(fù)。as～as a peacock 孔雀般高傲;〖同〗proud，self-satisfied，self-admiring，conceited;〖反〗modest，humble，unsatisfied;unsure，shy;

(2)無意義(價值)的(without real importance or value)[作attrib]：～promises/triumphs/threats 空洞的許諾/徒有虛名的勝利/毫無意義的威脅;(playing cards)be a～pastime to sb(打撲克)對某人是無謂的消遣;waste one's time in the～pleasures of smoking and drinking 在吸煙喝酒毫無意義的享樂中浪費(fèi)自己的時間;〖同〗useless， fruitless，unprofitable;worthless;〖反〗useful，fruitful，profitable，beneficial，worthwhile;

(3)徒勞(無結(jié)果)的 (unsuccessful)[通常attrib]： make (a)～attempt(s)/effort(s) to reach the sinking boat (the drowning boy/the top of the mountain/sb by telephone) 徒勞地試圖/努力靠近下沉的船(靠近溺水男孩/到達(dá)山頂/與某人用電話聯(lián)系);the～attempt to stop passage of the bill/start the car 阻止議案的通過/將車起動的毫無結(jié)果的努力;(all efforts/resistance) be～(一切努力/抵抗)都是徒勞的;It is～to resist/to attempt to root out heresy by force. 抵抗/靠武力企圖鏟除異教是徒勞的。

in vain 1)徒勞地：wait/look in～for sb/sth 等候/尋找某人/某物毫無結(jié)果;try to do sth， but in～試圖做某事，但是終歸白費(fèi)力氣;2)無用(效果)的： (all one's efforts/all one's attempts) be in～(所有的努力/嘗試) 都是白費(fèi)氣力;in the～hope of persuading sb 枉然地希望說服某人;It is in～that sb does... 某人做某事毫無結(jié)果;〖同〗unsuccessful，useless，fruitless，ineffective，profitless;〖反〗successful，victorious，useful，fruitful，effective;

→′vainly adv 徒勞地;自負(fù)地′vainness n 自負(fù);

【注意】vain和vein(血管)， vane(風(fēng)向標(biāo))發(fā)音相似，容易造成誤認(rèn)。