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vt 責(zé)備，自責(zé)(criticize sb or oneself，usually in a polite or gently way，saying that he has done sth wrong or harmful)[T+n，T+n+prep (for/with)]：There is no need to～yourself. 你沒必要責(zé)備自己。Every phrase in her letter～ed him. 她信里的每句話都在責(zé)備他。～sb for being lazy/spending too much 責(zé)備某人懶惰/花錢太多;～sb for carelessness/complacency責(zé)備某人太粗心/自滿;～sb with laziness/extravagance 責(zé)備某人懶惰/鋪張浪費;I have nothing to～myself with. 我沒有什么可自責(zé)的。〖同〗blame，criticize;〖反〗praise;

n (1)責(zé)備(的話)(act of reproaching;words expressing blame)[U，C]：look/term/words/sigh of～責(zé)備的表情/言語/話/嘆息;try to escape～企圖逃避指責(zé);bear/feel/see a mute (keen)～in sb's eyes/gaze 忍受/感到/看出某人目光中/凝視中無聲(嚴厲)的責(zé)備;a stern～from the teacher 老師的嚴厲責(zé)備;heap/cast～es on/upon sb 狠狠地斥責(zé)某人;〖同〗blame，criticism;〖反〗praise;

(2)恥辱，帶來恥辱的人或東西(sth that cause shame to)[U，a～][N(to)](fml)：bring～upon oneself 使自己蒙羞;The dirty condition of the dormitory is a～to all who live in it. 宿舍里骯臟的狀態(tài)是所有居住在這里的人的恥辱。 The slums are/Poverty is a～to our society. 貧民窟/貧窮是我們社會的恥辱?！纪絪hame;〖反〗honour，credit;

above/beyond reproach 無可挑剔(指責(zé))：His behaviour throughout has been above/beyond～. 他的行為一直都是無可挑剔的。

→ re′proachful adj 責(zé)備的;re′proachfully adv 責(zé)備地;

【辨異】reproach與scold都表示“申斥，責(zé)備(某人)”。reproach 表示挑剔、羞辱人的態(tài)度，常常是對私事或義務(wù)等進行指責(zé)，如：reproach a person for neglect(責(zé)備一個人的疏忽);scold(責(zé)罵)表示嚴厲地、漫罵性地、有時是不公正的指責(zé)，如：scold a boy for jaywalking(因一個男孩兒亂穿馬路而責(zé)罵他)。