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(1) 敵人，仇人(敵) (person who hates or wishes to harm one) [C]：a bitter/public (the King's，the Queen's)/lifelong(mortal，sworn)～有深仇大恨的敵人/公敵/不共戴天之?dāng)? an～worthy of one's steel 勁敵; have many/no～ies 有很多/沒(méi)有敵人; He earned/made him many～ies by doing that. 他那樣做為自己樹(shù)立了許多敵人。Cats are the～of mice. 貓是老鼠的天敵。Better an open～than a false friend.(prov) 寧要公開(kāi)的敵人，不要虛偽的朋友?！纪?opponent，adversary，foe，rival，competitor; 〖反〗 friend，supporter，well-wisher;

(2) 敵兵(軍，國(guó)) (hostile power or force of a nation or a member or a unit of such a force) [Gp，the～]：defeat the～打敗敵軍; meet/encounter one's～遭遇敵軍; The～was (were) encamped on the hillside/surrounded by the Allies/advancing toward the city/forced to retreat/put to rout. 敵軍在山坡上扎營(yíng)/被盟軍包圍/朝那座城市進(jìn)軍/被迫撤退/被打得一敗涂地。(an)～attack/plane/soldiers/forces 敵人的進(jìn)攻/敵機(jī)/敵軍的士兵/敵軍; 〖同〗 assailant，attacker; 〖反〗ally，confederate;

(3) 危(有)害物，大敵(害) (something harmful or injurious in effects) [C]：an～to true friendship/to progress 真正友誼/進(jìn)步的大敵; Frost is the～of plants. 霜凍是植物的大敵。Weather is sometimes the farmer's chief/worst～. 惡劣的天氣有時(shí)是農(nóng)業(yè)最主要/最嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)害。

to be no enemy to 喜歡：He is no～to wine. 他喜歡飲酒。

make an enemy of 使 …… 成為敵人：Don't make an～of her. 不要與她為敵。

【注意】enemy用作集合名詞時(shí)，若用作主語(yǔ)，如果看作整體，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如：The enemy was defeated. (敵人被打敗了。) 如果指其所有的成員，則用復(fù)數(shù)，如：Thousands of enemy were captured. (數(shù)以千計(jì)的敵軍士兵被俘虜。) (參見(jiàn)AUDIENCE)。

【辨異】enemy與foe都表示危險(xiǎn)的公敵或私敵。enemy是常用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)敵對(duì)性，如：Two countries at war with each other are enemies. (兩個(gè)交戰(zhàn)的國(guó)家即為敵對(duì)國(guó)。)foe多用于書(shū)面，可與enemy互換使用，更多地強(qiáng)調(diào)危害(險(xiǎn))性，如：a deadly foe (死敵)，a foe to health (對(duì)健康的危害)。