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v(1)(使)前進(jìn)，推進(jìn)((cause to)move forward)[I，I+prep((up)on/towards/against)，I+n+prep，T+n]：Did they～or retreat? 他們是前進(jìn)了還是退卻了? rows of～ing enemy tanks 一排排向前挺進(jìn)的敵軍坦克;The crowd/army/soldiers～d on (towards) the town.人群/軍隊(duì)/士兵們朝城鎮(zhèn)前進(jìn)。～towards one's objective/the fort/the enemy向目標(biāo)/城堡/敵人前進(jìn);The army～d to (or as far as) the outskirts of the capital.那支部隊(duì)推進(jìn)到了首都外圍。The troops～d 100 miles.部隊(duì)推進(jìn)了100英里。The general～d his troops at dawn.將軍讓他的部隊(duì)黎明時(shí)向前推進(jìn)。～the ball a few yards 帶球前進(jìn)幾碼;〖同〗progress;〖反〗retreat，withdraw;

(2)(使)進(jìn)展(步)，促進(jìn)((help) make progress or improve)[I，T+n](fig)：The work/Civilization has～d during the time.工作/文明在這期間有了進(jìn)展。Their plans are～ing well.他們的計(jì)劃進(jìn)展順利?！玦ng technology 不斷發(fā)展的技術(shù);～in one's career/one's studies/one's knowledge 事業(yè)/學(xué)業(yè)/知識(shí)上有長(zhǎng)進(jìn);～science/industrialization/sb's knowledge of sth/sb's growth促進(jìn)科學(xué)/工業(yè)化/某人對(duì)某事的了解/某人的成長(zhǎng);～sb's chances of promotion/sb's interests增加某人的提升機(jī)會(huì)/利益;Scientific research～s knowledge.科研促進(jìn)知識(shí)增長(zhǎng)。〖同〗improve，further，increase;〖反〗decrease，lessen;

(3)(使價(jià)格，價(jià)值，花費(fèi)等)上漲((cause to)increase or rise)[I，T+n](少用)：Property values/Costs were～ing.房地產(chǎn)價(jià)格/成本在上漲。Sugar has～d two cents a pound.糖每磅漲價(jià)二分。The shopkeepers～d the prices.店主們提高物價(jià)。

(4)(使)晉升((cause to) be promoted as to a higher rank)[I+prep(to)，T+n+prep(to)]：(be)～d to (the rank of) captain(被提)升為上尉(軍銜);He worked so well that he soon～d/his employer soon～d him to a higher position.他工作很出色，很快升到/老板很快把他提升到一個(gè)更高的職位?！玜 man from private to sergeant 把一個(gè)人從列兵提升為中士;〖同〗promote;

(5)提出(present or make (a suggestion，proposal，etc))[T+n](fml)：～a suggestion/a plan/a claim/an opinion/a new theory提出建議/計(jì)劃/要求/意見(jiàn)/新理論;～a new scheme for saving money提出一個(gè)省錢(qián)的新方案;〖同〗offer;〖反〗withhold;

(6)提前(move from a later to an earlier date or time)[T+n，T+n+prep]：～the date of a meeting/the deadline(from 20 to 10 March)將會(huì)議日期/最后期限(從3月20日)提前(到3月10日);It is impossible to～the date of the wedding.婚期不可能提前?！玜 watch one hour 把表倒撥一小時(shí);〖反〗postpone;

(7)預(yù)付;貸(款)(pay before the due time;lend (money))[D+n+n，D+n+prep(to)]：The bank～d him ￡1000.銀行貸給了他1000英鎊。His employer～d him a month's salary/a week's pay/￡10 against next week's wages.雇主預(yù)付了他一個(gè)月的工資/一周的報(bào)酬/下周工資中的10英鎊。～sb the money for a suit 預(yù)付某人一套衣服的錢(qián);

→ ad′vancement n 促(增)進(jìn);晉(提)升;ad′vanced adj 年事高的;高級(jí)(深)的;先進(jìn)的;ad′vantage n;

n(1)前進(jìn)(forward or onward movement)[C，通常sing]：The enemy's～on the fort was halted/checked/stopped.敵人向城堡的前進(jìn)停住了/阻止住了/停住了。a ten-yard～(an～of ten yard)前進(jìn)10碼;the～of the fire through the grass 火在草地上蔓延;the～of an expedition 探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)的前進(jìn);With the～of winter，the days grow shorter.隨著冬天的到來(lái)，白天越來(lái)越短了?！纪絤ovement;〖反〗retreat;

(2)進(jìn)展(步)(progress)[U]：the continued～of civilization 文明的繼續(xù)發(fā)展;the～of old age 老年的到來(lái);make no～on the house last winter去年冬天建房無(wú)進(jìn)展;His～in the firm led him from stockboy to president.他在公司逐級(jí)提升，從卸貨小工干成了總裁?！纪絧rogress;

(3)進(jìn)步，發(fā)展(development;improvement)[C][N(in)]：recent～s in space travel/computer design/science/education 宇宙飛行/電腦設(shè)計(jì)/科學(xué)/教育方面最近的發(fā)展;The motor vehicle was a great～on the horse and carriage.機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)對(duì)于馬車(chē)來(lái)說(shuō)是巨大的進(jìn)步。make great～s in medicine/medical science 在醫(yī)學(xué)/醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)上取得巨大進(jìn)展;～of technology 技術(shù)的進(jìn)步;〖同〗improvement，advancement;

(4)漲價(jià)，增長(zhǎng)(rise or increase in price，value or amount)[C][N(on)](少用)：“Any～on ￡100 for the watch?”called the auctioneer.拍賣(mài)人喊道：“這塊表有出100英鎊以上的嗎? ” a price～漲價(jià);

(5)預(yù)支款;貸款(payment made before the due time，or for work only partially completed;loan)[C][N(of)]：ask for/have an～on one's salary (of a month's pay) 要/得到預(yù)支的薪水(一個(gè)月工資);give (make) sb an～on his salary 給某人預(yù)支薪水;get an～on one's allowance 預(yù)支津貼;We'll give the author an～of ￡1000 on his book.我們將給作者預(yù)支1000英鎊的稿費(fèi)?！纪絧repayment;

(6)接近，獻(xiàn)殷勤，求愛(ài)(attempts or efforts made to win sb's friendship，sexual relationship or favour)[pl] [N(to)]：make～s to a woman/a minister 向女子獻(xiàn)殷勤/接近部長(zhǎng);refuse/reject/spurn sb's～s 拒絕/拒絕/輕蔑地拒絕某人的求愛(ài);Did you have difficulty in escaping his～s? 你很難擺脫他的糾纏嗎?

(7)先行的(going or coming before)[作attrib]：an～party/guard/post 先遣隊(duì)/前衛(wèi)部隊(duì)/前衛(wèi)哨;the～troops 先頭部隊(duì);the～sale of tickets 提前售票;an～copy of a book 樣書(shū);make an～booking/payment 預(yù)訂/預(yù)付;give sb～warning/notice of a person's departure 就一個(gè)人的離去預(yù)先警告/通知某人;

in advance 1)提前，預(yù)先：pay the rent/know sth/book/make arrangements in～提前交租金/知道/訂購(gòu)/安排;2)在(靠)……之前：stand a little distance in～ 站在靠前一點(diǎn)的地方;

in advance of sth/sb 超(在)……之前：walk 4 yards in～(of sb)在(某人)前面四碼之處走;send sb in～of the main force 派某人走在主力部隊(duì)之前;be in～of the age/one's time/one's friends 先于時(shí)代/時(shí)代/朋友們;have some meetings of the committee in～of the conference 在正式大會(huì)之前委員會(huì)先開(kāi)幾次會(huì);

【說(shuō)明】動(dòng)詞advance用于(1)義時(shí)，towards表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向，on除表示方向外，還有進(jìn)攻或攻占的意思;to或as far as表示運(yùn)動(dòng)所到之處。

【辨異】1 )動(dòng)詞advance與proceed都可當(dāng)“前進(jìn)”講。advance強(qiáng)調(diào)朝一固定目標(biāo)或目的地前進(jìn);proceed則為“繼續(xù)前進(jìn)”，即從某一中途點(diǎn)朝目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。2)名詞advance與advancement語(yǔ)義不同。 advance指事物自身的行為結(jié)果，意為“前進(jìn)”、“進(jìn)步”或“進(jìn)度”，如：one's advance through the enemy ranks(穿過(guò)敵人隊(duì)列的前進(jìn));advancement指外力促使事物產(chǎn)生的行為結(jié)果，意為“提出”、“促進(jìn)”或“提升”，如：one's advancement through the ranks(軍銜的一級(jí)級(jí)提升)。又如：the advance of science(科學(xué)的發(fā)展);the advancement of science(促進(jìn)科學(xué)(發(fā)展))。